CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS - PART II

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    CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS - PART I

Wildlife Sanctuary:

Like reserve forests, wildlife sanctuaries provide protection and suitable living conditions to wild animals. Sanctuaries are places where killing (poaching) or capturing of animals is strictly prohibited.

Some of the threatened wild animals like black buck, white eyed buck, elephant, golden cat, pink headed duck, gharial, marsh crocodile, python, rhinoceros, etc. are protected and preserved in our wild life sanctuaries. Indian sanctuaries have unique landscapes—broad level forests, mountain forests and bush lands in deltas of big rivers.

National Park:

Satpura National Park is the first Reserve Forest of India. These reserves are large and diverse enough to protect whole sets of ecosystems. They preserve flora, fauna, landscape and historic objects of an area. The finest Indian teak is found in this forest.

Rock shelters are also found inside the Satpura National Park. These are the prehistoric evidences of human life in these jungles. They give us an idea of the life of the primitive people. Rock paintings are found in these shelters. A total of 55 rock shelters have been identified in Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve. Figures of animals and men fighting, hunting, dancing, and playing musical instruments are depicted in these paintings.

Project Tiger

Project Tiger was launched by the government to protect the tigers in the country. The objective of this project was to ensure the survival and maintenance of the tiger population in the country.

Tiger is one of the many species which are slowly disappearing from our forests. But, the Satpura Tiger Reserve is unique in the sense that a significant increase in the population of tigers has been seen here.

Endangered and Extinct Animals:

Animals whose numbers are diminishing to a level that they might face extinction are known as the endangered Animals.

Extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms, normally a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species. One of the example of Extinct Animal is Dinosaurs which became extinct a long time ago. Survival of some animals has become difficult because of disturbances in their natural habitat.

Are Only Big Animals facing extinction?

Small animals are much more in danger of becoming extinct than the bigger animals. At times, we kill snakes, frogs, lizards, bats and owls ruthlessly without realising their importance in the ecosystem. By killing them we are harming ourselves. They might be small in size but their role in the ecosystem cannot be ignored. They form part of food chains and food webs.

An ecosystem is made of all the plants, animals and microorganisms in an area along with non-living components such as climate, soil, river deltas, etc.

Red Data Book:

Red Data Book is the source book which keeps a record of all the endangered animals and plants. There are different Red Data Books for plants, animals and other species.

Migration :

Migratory birds fly to far away areas every year during a particular time because of climatic changes. They fly for laying eggs as the weather in their natural habitat becomes very cold and inhospitable. Birds who cover long distances to reach another land are known as the migratory birds.

Migration is the phenomenon of movement of a species from its own habitat to some other habitat for a particular time period every year for a specific purpose like breeding.

Reforestation :

Is there any permanent solution to the problem of Deforestation?

The answer to deforestation is reforestation. Reforestation is restocking of the destroyed forests by planting new trees. The planted trees should generally be of the same species which were found in that forest. We should plant at least as many trees as we cut.

Reforestation can take place naturally also. If the deforested area is left undisturbed, it reestablishes itself. In natural reforestation there is no role of human beings.

Forest (Conservation) Act

This act is aimed at preservation and conservation of natural forests and meeting the basic needs of the people living in or near the forests.

The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 an Act of the Parliament of India to provide for the conservation of forests and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto. It was further amended in 1988. It was enacted by Parliament of India to control further deforestation of Forest Areas in India.

    CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS - PART I